How to Calculate Garment SAM?

How to Calculate Garment SAM (Standard Allowed Minutes)?

How to Calculate Garment SAM (Standard Allowed Minutes)? | Standard allowed minutes formula

Standard Allowed Minute (SAM) in the Garments Industry

Standard Allowed Minute (SAM) is a crucial measurement used in the garment manufacturing industry to estimate the time required to complete one garment, including allowances. It plays a significant role in cost estimation, performance evaluation, and production planning. SAM is determined by the Industrial Engineering department using standardized calculation methods.

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There are two approaches to calculating SAM: synthetic data and time study.

Calculation of SAM by Synthetic Data:

1. Select the process or operation for which SAM needs to be determined.
2. Study the motions involved in the process and record all the movements performed by the operator to complete one cycle of work.
3. List the motions sequentially and refer to the General Sewing Data (GSD) and synthetic data for Time Measurement Unit (TMU) values.
4. Convert TMU values into minutes (1 TMU = 0.0006 minutes) to obtain the basic time.
5. Calculate SAM using the formula: SAM = Basic minute + Bundle allowances (10%) + Machine and personal allowances (10%).

Calculation of SAM by Time Study:

1. Select the process or operation for which SAM needs to be estimated.
2. Use a stopwatch to measure the cycle time (time taken to complete one operation) by observing the operator for five consecutive cycles and calculating the average.
3. Determine the performance rating of the operator based on their movement and work speed.
4. Calculate the basic time using the formula: Basic time = cycle time × performance rating.
5. Calculate SAM using the formula: SAM = Basic minute + Bundle allowances (10%) + Machine and personal allowances (20%).

Standard allowed minutes formula | Functions of SAM in Production Planning:

1. Line Capacity Determination: SAM helps estimate the production capacity of a line systematically.
2. Lead Time Determination: SAM assists in allocating orders to different lines based on production capacity.
3. Order Booking: SAM is used to consider available capacity while booking orders and determining the time required to complete new orders.
4. Process Scheduling: Production planning departments create time and action calendars for each order based on SAM and the capacity of each process.
5. Order Execution and Production Monitoring: SAM enables setting targets for sewing lines and monitoring production progress.
6. Labour Estimation: SAM plays a vital role in estimating labour costs for specific garment styles.

Method #1: Here’s a simplified and easy-to-follow format for calculating the Garment SAM using synthetic data:

Step 1: Choose the sewing operation for which you want to calculate SAM.

Step 2: Observe an experienced operator performing the operation and carefully note down all the movements involved in completing one cycle of work. Ensure you capture all the motions accurately.

Step 3: List the motions sequentially and refer to synthetic data, such as GSD or Sewing Performance Data (SPD), to find the TMU (Time Measuring Unit) values for each motion. For example, if the TMU value for a motion is 400, convert it to minutes (1 TMU = 0.0006 minutes). This converted value is called the Basic Time in minutes.

Step 4: Calculate the SAM by adding the bundle allowance and personal allowance to the Basic Time.

Bundle Allowance: Add a bundle allowance (typically 10%) to the Basic Time.

Machine and Personal Allowance: Add a machine and personal allowance (typically 20%) to the Basic Time.

Now you have the Standard Allowed Minute (SAM) or Standard Minute Value (SMV), which represents the total time required to complete the sewing operation, including allowances.

For example, if the Basic Time is 0.24 minutes, the bundle allowance is 0.024 minutes (10% of Basic Time), and the machine and personal allowance is 0.048 minutes (20% of Basic Time), the SAM value would be:

SAM = Basic Time + Bundle Allowance + Machine and Personal Allowance

= (0.24 + 0.024 + 0.048) minutes

= 0.312 minutes (or 0.31 minutes, rounded to two decimal places)

This calculated SAM value serves as the standard time for the sewing operation and can be used for production planning, labour estimation, and cost calculations in the garment manufacturing industry.

What is standard minute value?

Method #2: Here is a simplified and easy-to-follow format for calculating Garment SAM through time study:

Step 1: Choose the sewing operation for which you want to calculate the SAM.

Step 2: Use a stopwatch to measure the cycle time for that operation. Stand next to the operator and record the time it takes to complete one work cycle (from picking up the first part to picking up the next part).

• Conduct a timing study for five consecutive cycles, discarding any data showing unusual timing.
• Calculate the average time for the five cycles. This averaging time is called the cycle time.

Step 3: Assign the operator’s performance rating based on their observed movement and work speed. For example, if the operator’s efficiency rating is 80% and the cycle time is 0.60 minutes, then calculate the basic time as follows:

Standard allowed minutes formula

Basic Time = Cycle Time x Performance Rating

= 0.60 min x 80%

= 0.48 min

Step 4: Calculate the SAM using the following formula:

• Standard Allowed Minutes (SAM) = Initial Time + Bundle Allowance + Machine and Personal Allowance
• Bundle allowance: Multiply basic time by the bundle allowance percentage (usually 10%). This gives you bundled allowance time.
• Machine and personal allowance: Multiply the basic time by the machine and personal allowance percentage (usually 20%). This gives you machine and personal allowance time.
• Add basic time, bundle allowance time and machine and personal allowance time to get SAM.

• standard allowed minutes,
• standard allowed minutes formula,

For example, if the basic time is 0.48 minutes, the bundle allowance is 0.048 minutes (10% of the basic time), and the machine and personal allowance is 0.096 minutes (20% of the basic time), the SAM value will be:

SAM = Basic Time + Bundle Allowance + Machine and Personal Allowance

= 0.48 min + 0.048 min + 0.096 min

= 0.624 min

Now you have the Standard Allowed Minutes (SAM) for the sewing operation, which represents the standard time required to complete the operation, including allowances. This SAM standard can be used for production planning, labour estimation and cost calculations in the apparel manufacturing industry.

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References:

1. Apparel Manufacturing Technology by T. Karthik, P. Ganesan, and D. Gopalakrishnan
2. Garment Manufacturing Technology by Rajkishore Nayak and Rajiv Padhye
3. Industrial Engineering in Apparel Production by V. Ramesh Babu
4. Sam Calculation Method By OCS